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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2019  |  Volume : 17  |  Issue : 4  |  Page : 108-111

A comparative study for screening human immunodeficiency virus 1/human immunodeficiency virus 2 with third-generation and fourth-generation human immunodeficiency virus ELISA kits in donors from a tertiary care hospital in Northeast India

Anupam Sarma1, Rashmisnata Barman2, Chandana Kalita1, Jagannath Dev Sharma1, Manigreeva Krishnatreya3, Abhijit Talukdar4, Manoj Kalita3, Amal Chandra Kataki5
1 Department of Pathology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
2 Department of Microbiology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
3 Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
4 Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
5 Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Rashmisnata Barman
Department of Microbiology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam
India
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/cmi.cmi_36_18

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Background: Blood transfusion is the most effective means of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The use of fourth-generation ELISA kits has significantly reduced the detection period of the viruses to its window period within 2–4 weeks. Objective: To analyze and compare the profile of blood donors who sero-converted to HIV positive. Materials and Methods: Blood donors reporting to the blood bank attached to a regional cancer center from January to December 2017 were included. The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 consists of random testing for HIV1/HIV2 reactive and nonreactive samples from clinical blood donors in the age group of 18–50 years. Phase 2 consists of confirmatory test with Western blot technique. Results: The fourth-generation kit confirmed 139 nonreactive out of 140 samples tested after running the samples with independent confirmatory test, whereas the third-generation ELISA test detected two HIV-reactive samples which were confirmed to be nonreactive by Western blot. Conclusions: For better clinical diagnosis and early detection of HIV, the use of fourth-generation test kits for screening of HIV infection is recommended.


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